Sound insulation properties of calcium silicate board

Calcium silicate board is based on siliceous materials (lime powder, diatomaceous earth, etc.), calcium materials (cement, lime, etc.) and reinforced fibers (wood fiber, glass fiber, asbestos, etc.) as raw materials, through pulping, embryo formation, surface sanding and other processes made of lightweight materials, called fiber reinforced calcium silicate board, referred to as calcium silicate board.

The embryo of calcium silicate plate is formed by autoclaved hydration reaction, and the stable structure of tobermoite crystal is formed by the siliceous and calc material under the reaction condition of high temperature and high pressure. The calcium silicate board with this crystal as the main component has physical properties such as light weight, high strength, fire prevention, heat preservation, heat insulation, moisture and water resistance, sound insulation and noise reduction, and also has processing characteristics such as sawing, planing and drilling. Calcium silicate board can be divided into building board and Marine board according to use, of which building board can be divided into wall board and ceiling board. According to the fiber varieties used in the board, it is divided into asbestos-calcium silicate board and asbestos-free calcium silicate board. According to the plate density can be divided into high density board (1200~1400kg/m3), medium density board (900~1200kg/m3) and low density board (750~900kg/m3). The sound insulation performance of the wall panel is studied by using 1000kg/m3 medium density board.

The sound insulation performance of building maintenance structure is very important, on the one hand, to prevent the introduction of outdoor environmental noise; On the other hand, it prevents indoor noise from spreading to the adjacent building or outdoor environment. The wall is the main maintenance structure of the building, and the traditional wall is built with solid clay bricks, commonly known as brick walls. The thickness of the brick wall is 240mm when the wall is not plastered, and the thickness of the wall is 260mm when the plaster is 10mm thick on both sides, and the surface density is about 480kg/m2. Because the brick wall is thick and heavy, it has good sound insulation performance, and can also be used as a load-bearing structure of the building. However, burning bricks from earth not only destroys many good fields, but also consumes a lot of energy and increases the transportation of engineering materials, so at the end of the 20th century, some cities began to restrict and prohibit the use of solid clay bricks to encourage and promote the production and application of new wall materials.

Because calcium silicate board has good physical and mechanical properties, as a new type of wall material, instead of clay brick not only saves land resources, but also saves energy. The calcium silicate panel wall is light in weight and small in thickness, which is conducive to reducing the load of the building and improving the effective use area of the building. According to the law of sound insulation quality, the heavier and thicker the wall, the better the sound insulation effect, for buildings with very low indoor environmental noise requirements, the need for high sound insulation maintenance structure, only by increasing the quality of the structure to achieve the required high sound insulation amount is unrealistic, especially in high-rise buildings to build or rebuild recording studios, dance halls, movie theaters and other buildings. Therefore, the experimental research on the sound insulation performance of calcium silicate panel wall is not only of great significance for the production and application of new wall materials, but also will provide sound insulation design data for thin and light panel wall. Based on the experimental study on the sound insulation performance of different structures of calcium silicate panel wall, the factors affecting the sound insulation performance of calcium silicate panel wall are discussed. This paper mainly introduces the physical and mechanical properties of calcium silicate board, the characteristics of the board wall, the structure of the board wall, the analysis of sound insulation performance and its application.

Physical properties of Sanle calcium silicate panel wall

The wall installed with calcium silicate board and keel is called calcium silicate board wall, which is a non-load-bearing wall. This lightweight panel wall has the following characteristics:

(1) The wall quality of calcium silicate panel wall is light. For example, with an 8mm thick density of 1000kg/m3 medium density board, with a C75 light steel keel double-sided double-layer wall, and then filled with a 60mm thick density of 100kg/m3 rockwool board, the mass per unit area of the wall, the so-called surface density is about 42kg/m2, which is much lighter than a traditional solid clay brick wall with a similar amount of sound insulation. Less than 10% of the brick wall.

(2) The wall thickness of the board wall is thin, as described above, the thickness of the four-layer board wall is 107mm, which is more than 50% thinner than the thickness of the traditional 1 brick wall, which can reduce the building area occupied by the wall and increase the effective use area of the room.

(3) The calcium silicate board has a surface sanding process in the production process, so the surface of the board wall is smooth and smooth, and the indoor follow-up decoration is very convenient.

(4) calcium silicate board has good processability, large plate width, easy installation, quick construction and labor saving, speed up the construction progress and shorten the construction period.

(5) The combination of the panel wall is more flexible, and according to the sound insulation requirements, the keel (to determine the thickness of the wall), the board thickness, the density, the number of layers of the wall board, and the sound absorption material are filled to install the panel wall with different sound insulation levels.

(6) The sound absorbing material filled in the panel wall can not only improve the sound insulation performance, but also the heat insulation building energy saving and improve the fire resistance of the wall.

How to improve the sound insulation of the wall panel

(1) calcium silicate panel wall increases the number of layers of the board, which can improve the sound insulation of the board wall. When increasing from the two-layer board to the four-layer board, the weight insulation quantity of the board wall is roughly increased by 2~3dB for each additional layer. At the same time, the sound insulation quantity of the sound insulation trough of the consistent frequency can be greatly improved, about 5~7dB.

(2) When the air layer in the calcium silicate panel wall is filled with mineral wool sound absorbing materials, the sound insulation amount is very obvious, and the weight sound insulation amount is increased by about 7~8dB. At the same time, it can also improve the fire prevention, heat preservation, heat insulation performance and energy saving effect of the panel wall.

(3) calcium silicate panel wall if the use of double row keel can further improve the sound insulation performance, six layers of double row keel panel wall may form a high sound insulation structure, the weight of sound insulation is expected to be more than 60dB. (4) Calcium silicate board can be composed of partition walls with different levels of sound insulation according to the thickness of the wall and the number of layers of the board, which can be selected according to actual needs in the project, so that the sound insulation design is more scientific and reasonable. (5) calcium silicate panel wall single-row keel two-storey panel wall can be used for the dividing wall of general buildings, and three and four storey panel walls can be used for the separation wall of hotel rooms and senior residences. The double-row keel six-layer high sound insulation wall, because of its light weight, is especially suitable for new high-rise buildings or original buildings in the reconstruction of broadcasting studios, recording studios, listening rooms, acoustic laboratories (such as anechoic room, reverberation room, sound insulation test room), low noise equipment noise detection room and hearing test room.